Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

For some reason I need, as user, to run without sudo a script script.sh which needs root privileges to work.
I saw as the only solution to put sudo INSIDE script.sh. Let's take an example :

script.sh :    #!/bin/sh  sudo apt-get update  

Of course, if I execute this script, I get a prompt asking me for a password. Then I added to my sudoers file (at the end to override everything else) :

user ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:/path/to/script.sh  

By the way, I also tried the line :

user ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/path/to/script.sh  

(I think I didn't fully understand the difference)

But this doesn't solve my problem if I don't use sudo to execute this script :

# ./script.sh  [sudo] password for user:   # sudo ./script.sh  Starts updating...  

Well, so I say to myself "Ok, that means that if I have a file refered in sudoers as I did, it will work without prompt only if I call him with sudo, what is not what I want".
So, ok, I create another script script2.sh as following :

script2.sh    #!/bin/sh  sudo /path/to/script.sh  

In fact it works. But I am not truly satisfied of this solution, particularly by the fact that I have to use 2 scripts for every command.

This post is then for helping people having this problem and searching for the same solution (I didn't find a good post on it), and perhaps have better solutions coming from you guys.

Feel free to share your ideas !

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EDIT 1 :

I want to insist on the fact that this "apt-get update" was just an example FAR from whhat my script actually is. My script has a lot of commands (with some cd to root-access-only config files), and the solution can't be "Well, just do it directly with apt-get".

The principle of an example is to help the understanding, not to be excuse to simplify the answer of the general problem.

Answer by John1024 for Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

If you want to run sudo /usr/bin/apt-get update without a password, you need to have the sudoers entry:

user ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:/usr/bin/apt-get update  

For the larger issue of the script as a whole, there are two possible approaches:

Approach 1

For each command in the script that needs sudo, create a line in sudoers specifically for that command. In this case, the script can be called normally:

./script1.sh  

Approach 2

Place a line in sudoers for the script as a whole. When this is done, the individual commands do not need sudo. However, sudo must be used to start the script as in:

sudo ./script.sh  

Answer by Basilevs for Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

In new /etc/sudoers.d/apt-get file, put single line:

user ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:/usr/bin/apt-get update  

Fully qualified path to executable is required here.

Then use following in your script:

sudo apt-get update  

Here, fully specified name is not required. Sudo uses PATH environment variable for executable resolution.

While changing and checking sudoers configuration, be sure to keep another root session open for error recovery.

Answer by damienfrancois for Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

As you noted, the file that must appear in the sudoers configuration is the one that is launched by sudo, and not the one that runs sudo.

That being said, what we often do, is having something like

user ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:/path/to/script.sh  

in the sudo configuration, where script.sh has all the commands that the script has to do.

Then we define either a Bash function or an alias so that script.sh is actually

sudo /path/to/script.sh  

The only issue is if some commands must not be run as root, you need to insert some su - user -c "command" commands in the script.

Answer by bryn for Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

I suggest you look at the sudo environment variables - specifically you can use (and check for) $SUDO_USER. Call your script with sudo (1 entry in sudoers), then do user stuff as SUDO_USER and root stuff as root.

Answer by Eaton Emmerich for Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

If your password isn't something you want to be very secure about, (maybe some testing server in the company etc.) you can elevate to sudo in the script via echo like:

echo YourPasswordHere | sudo -S Command  

The prompt still prints the "enter password" text to output though. So don't expect it to be neat.

(Note, found this from another resource else. Can't remember where.)

Answer by Adam for Use sudo without password INSIDE a script

From my blog: IDMRockstar.com:

The kicker is that sometimes, I need to run commands as root. Here's the quick and dirty way I accomplish that without divulging the passwords:

#! /bin/bash  read -s -p "Enter Password for sudo: " sudoPW  echo $sudoPW | sudo -S yum update  

This way the user is prompted for the password (and hidden from terminal) and then passed into commands as needed, so I'm not running the entire script as root =)

If you have a better, way, I'd love to hear it! I'm not a shell scripting expert by any means.

Cheers!

.: Adam

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