Better way to rename files based on multiple patterns
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Better way to rename files based on multiple patterns
a lot of files I download have crap/spam in their filenames, e.g.
[ www.crap.com ] file.name.ext
www.crap.com - file.name.ext
I've come up with two ways for dealing with them but they both seem pretty clunky:
with parameter expansion:
if [[ ${base_name} != ${base_name//\[+([^\]])\]} ]] then mv -v "${dir_name}/${base_name}" "${dir_name}/${base_name//\[+([^\]])\]}" && base_name="${base_name//\[+([^\]])\]}" fi if [[ ${base_name} != ${base_name//www.*.com - /} ]] then mv -v "${dir_name}/${base_name}" "${dir_name}/${base_name//www.*.com - /}" && base_name="${base_name//www.*.com - /}" fi # more of these type of statements; one for each type of frequently-encountered pattern and then with echo/sed:
tmp=`echo "${base_name}" | sed -e 's/\[[^][]*\]//g' | sed -e 's/\s-\s//g'` mv "${base_name}" "{tmp}" I feel like the parameter expansion is the worse of the two but I like it because I'm able to keep the same variable assigned to the file for further processing after the rename (the above code is used in a script that's called for each file after the file download is complete).
So anyway I was hoping there's a better/cleaner way to do the above that someone more knowledgeable than myself could show me, preferably in a way that would allow me to easily reassign the old/original variable to the new/renamed file.
Thanks
Answer by Sandeep for Better way to rename files based on multiple patterns
If you are using Ubunntu/Debian os use rename command to rename multiple files at time.
Answer by Michael Grnewald for Better way to rename files based on multiple patterns
Take advantage of the following classical pattern:
job_select /path/to/directory| job_strategy | job_process where job_select is responsible for selecting the objects of your job, job_strategy prepares a processing plan for these objects and job_process eventually executes the plan.
This assumes that filenames do not contain a vertical bar | nor a newline character.
The job_select function
# job_select PATH # Produce the list of files to process job_select() { find "$1" -name 'www.*.com - *' -o -name '[*] - *' } The find command can examine all properties of the file maintained by the file system, like creation time, access time, modification time. It is also possible to control how the filesystem is explored by telling find not to descend into mounted filesystems, how much recursions levels are allowed. It is common to append pipes to the find command to perform more complicated selections based on the filename.
Avoid the common pitfall of including the contents of hidden directories in the output of the job_select function. For instance, the directories CVS, .svn, .svk and .git are used by the corresponding source control management tools and it is almost always wrong to include their contents in the output of the job_select function. By inadvertently batch processing these files, one can easily make the affected working copy unusable.
The job_strategy function
# job_strategy # Prepare a plan for renaming files job_strategy() { sed -e ' h s@/www\..*\.com - *@/@ s@/\[^]]* - *@/@ x G s/\n/|/ ' } This commands reads the output of job_select and makes a plan for our renaming job. The plan is represented by text lines having two fields separated by the character |, the first field being the old name of the file and the second being the new computed file of the file, it looks like
[ www.crap.com ] file.name.1.ext|file.name.1.ext www.crap.com - file.name.2.ext|file.name.2.ext The particular program used to produce the plan is essentially irrelevant, but it is common to use sed as in the example; awk or perl for this. Let us walk through the sed-script used here:
h Replace the contents of the hold space with the contents of the pattern space. ? Edit the contents of the pattern space. x Swap the contents of the pattern and hold spaces. G Append a newline character followed by the contents of the hold space to the pattern space. s/\n/|/ Replace the newline character in the pattern space by a vertical bar. It can be easier to use several filters to prepare the plan. Another common case is the use of the stat command to add creation times to file names.
The job_process function
# job_process # Rename files according to a plan job_process() { local oldname local newname while IFS='|' read oldname newname; do mv "$oldname" "$newname" done } The input field separator IFS is adjusted to let the function read the output of job_strategy. Declaring oldname and newname as local is useful in large programs but can be omitted in very simple scripts. The job_process function can be adjusted to avoid overwriting existing files and report the problematic items.
About data structures in shell programs Note the use of pipes to transfer data from one stage to the other: apprentices often rely on variables to represent such information but it turns out to be a clumsy choice. Instead, it is preferable to represent data as tabular files or as tabular data streams moving from one process to the other, in this form, data can be easily processed by powerful tools like sed, awk, join, paste and sort ? only to cite the most common ones.
Answer by F. Hauri for Better way to rename files based on multiple patterns
Two answer: using perl rename or using pure bash
As there are some people who dislike perl, I wrote my bash only version
Renaming files by using the rename command.
Introduction
Yes, this is a typical job for rename command which was precisely designed for:
man rename | sed -ne '/example/,/^[^ ]/p' For example, to rename all files matching "*.bak" to strip the extension, you might say rename 's/\.bak$//' *.bak To translate uppercase names to lower, you'd use rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' * More oriented samples
Simply drop all spaces and square brackets:
rename 's/[ \[\]]*//g;' *.ext Rename all .jpg by numbering from 1:
rename 's/^.*$/sprintf "IMG_%05d.JPG",++$./e' *.jpg Demo:
touch {a..e}.jpg ls -ltr total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 e.jpg -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 d.jpg -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 c.jpg -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 b.jpg -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 a.jpg rename 's/^.*$/sprintf "IMG_%05d.JPG",++$./e' *.jpg ls -ltr total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 IMG_00005.JPG -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 IMG_00004.JPG -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 IMG_00003.JPG -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 IMG_00002.JPG -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 sep 6 16:35 IMG_00001.JPG Full syntax for matching SO question, in safe way
There is a strong and safe way using rename utility:
As this is perl common tool, we have to use perl syntax:
rename 'my $o=$_; s/[ \[\]]+/-/g; s/-+/-/g; s/^-//g; s/-\(\..*\|\)$/$1/g; s/(.*[^\d])(|-(\d+))(\.[a-z0-9]{2,6})$/ my $i=$3; $i=0 unless $i; sprintf("%s-%d%s", $1, $i+1, $4) /eg while $o ne $_ && -f $_; ' * Testing rule:
touch '[ www.crap.com ] file.name.ext' 'www.crap.com - file.name.ext' ls -1 [ www.crap.com ] file.name.ext www.crap.com - file.name.ext rename 'my $o=$_; ... ... ...' * ls -1 www.crap.com-file.name-1.ext www.crap.com-file.name.ext touch '[ www.crap.com ] file.name.ext' 'www.crap.com - file.name.ext' ls -1 www.crap.com-file.name-1.ext [ www.crap.com ] file.name.ext www.crap.com - file.name.ext www.crap.com-file.name.ext rename 'my $o=$_; ... ... ...' * ls -1 www.crap.com-file.name-1.ext www.crap.com-file.name-2.ext www.crap.com-file.name-3.ext www.crap.com-file.name.ext ... and so on...
... and it's safe while you don't use -f flag to rename command: file won't be overwrited and you will get an error message if something goes wrong.
Renaming files by using bash and so called bashisms:
I prefer doing this by using dedicated utility, but this could even be done by using pure bash (aka without any fork)
There is no use of any other binary than bash (no sed, awk, tr or other):
#!/bin/bash for file;do newname=${file//[ \]\[]/.} while [ "$newname" != "${newname#.}" ] ;do newname=${newname#.} done while [ "$newname" != "${newname//[.-][.-]/.}" ] ;do newname=${newname//[.-][.-]/-};done if [ "$file" != "$newname" ] ;then if [ -f $newname ] ;then ext=${newname##*.} basename=${newname%.$ext} partname=${basename%%-[0-9]} count=${basename#${partname}-} [ "$partname" = "$count" ] && count=0 while printf -v newname "%s-%d.%s" $partname $[++count] $ext && [ -f "$newname" ] ;do :;done fi mv "$file" $newname fi done To be run with files as argument, for sample:
/path/to/my/script.sh \[* - Replacing spaces and square bracket by dot
- Replacing sequences of
.-,-.,--or..by only one-. - Test if filename don't differ, there is nothing to do.
- Test if a file exist with newname...
- split filename, counter and extension, for making indexed newname
- loop if a file exist with newname
- Finaly rename the file.
Answer by Stefano Falsetto for Better way to rename files based on multiple patterns
If you want to use something not depending on perl, you can use the following code (let's call it sanitizeNames.sh). It is only showing a few cases, but it's easily extensible using string substitution, tr (and sed too).
#!/bin/bash ls $1 |while read f; do newfname=$(echo "$f" \ |tr -d '\[ ' \ # Removing opened square bracket |tr ' \]' '-' \ # Translating closing square bracket to dash |tr -s '-' \ # Squeezing multiple dashes |tr -s '.' \ # Squeezing multiple dots ) newfname=${newfname//-./.} if [ -f "$newfname" ]; then # Some string magic... extension=${newfname##*\.} basename=${newfname%\.*} basename=${basename%\-[1-9]*} lastNum=$[ $(ls $basename*|wc -l) ] mv "$f" "$basename-$lastNum.$extension" else mv "$f" "$newfname" fi done And use it:
$ touch '[ www.crap.com ] file.name.ext' 'www.crap.com - file.name.ext' '[ www.crap.com ] - file.name.ext' '[www.crap.com ].file.anothername.ext2' '[www.crap.com ].file.name.ext' $ ls -1 *crap* [ www.crap.com ] - file.name.ext [ www.crap.com ] file.name.ext [www.crap.com ].file.anothername.ext2 [www.crap.com ].file.name.ext www.crap.com - file.name.ext $ ./sanitizeNames.sh *crap* $ ls -1 *crap* www.crap.com-file.anothername.ext2 www.crap.com-file.name-1.ext www.crap.com-file.name-2.ext www.crap.com-file.name-3.ext www.crap.com-file.name.ext Answer by Jahid for Better way to rename files based on multiple patterns
You can use rnm
rnm -rs '/\[crap\]|\[spam\]//g' *.ext The above will remove [crap] or [spam] from filename.
You can pass multiple regex pattern by terminating them with ; or overloading the -rs option.
rnm -rs '/[\[\]]//g;/\s*\[crap\]//g' -rs '/crap2//' *.ext The general format of this replace string is /search_part/replace_part/modifier
- search_part : regex to search for.
- replace_part : string to replace with
- modifier : i (case insensitive), g (global replace)
uppercase/lowercase:
A replace string of the form /search_part/\c/modifier will make the selected part of the filename (by the regex search_part) lowercase while \C (capital \C) in replace part will make it uppercase.
rnm -rs '/[abcd]/\C/g' *.ext ## this will capitalize all a,b,c,d in the filenames If you have many regex patterns that need to be dealt with, then put those patterns in a file and pass the file with
-rs/f option. rnm -rs/f /path/to/regex/pattern/file *.ext You can find some other examples here.
Note:
- rnm uses PCRE2 (revised PCRE) regex.
- You can undo an unwanted rename operation by running
rnm -u
P.S: I am the author of this tool.
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